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What is fresh MMR?

MMR — matchmaking rating — is the hidden number League uses to decide who you play against. It is not your rank. Your rank is the badge you see; MMR is the figure underneath it that actually drives matchmaking, and Riot has never displayed it directly.
"Fresh MMR" means an account whose rating has not yet been shaped by anyone's play. It matters more than most people realise when you are deciding what kind of second account to get.

Rank and MMR are not the same thing

Your rank moves in visible steps: LP gained, LP lost, promotions, demotions. MMR moves continuously underneath it and adjusts faster. When someone gains 30 LP per win and loses 15, that is the system telling them their MMR is higher than their displayed rank — it is trying to correct upward.
The reverse also happens. Gaining 12 LP and losing 25 means the system believes you are ranked above where your MMR says you belong. Grinding through that is slow and demoralising, which is exactly the situation people buy a second account to escape.

What fresh MMR actually gives you

An account that has never played ranked has no rating history. Its placement matches are decided by its normal-game MMR and by how those ten games go — not by a record somebody else built.
The practical effect is that your placements reflect your play. If you are a strong player, you place high and climb from there. On an account with an existing losing record, you inherit that record's gravity and spend your first fifty games digging out of it.

The catch with ranked-ready accounts

A "ranked ready" account has already played the ten normal games required to unlock the ranked queue, which saves you roughly two hours. What it also has is whatever MMR those games produced.
If a human played ten thoughtful draft games, that is fine and may even be favourable. If a bot lost ten games in a row, you start beneath where you belong and climb out of a hole you did not dig. This is why ranked-ready accounts should be bought on their match history, not just on the label — and why some sellers advertise a specific record, like 11 wins and 1 loss, as a selling point rather than a detail.

Which should you choose?

Take fresh MMR if you care where you place. Ten normal games is a small price for placements that measure you rather than a stranger, and normals are not a chore if you use them to warm up on the champions you intend to play ranked.
Take ranked ready if you want to queue tonight and are relaxed about starting a little below or above your level. It is a convenience purchase, and it is worth paying attention to the winrate attached to it.

Common questions

Can I see my MMR?
Not officially. Riot does not display it. Third-party sites estimate it from your rank, LP gains and recent results — useful as a rough signal, never exact.
Do normal games affect ranked MMR?
Normal and ranked queues track separate ratings, but a brand-new account's first ranked placements are seeded partly from its normal-game performance, which is why the ten unlock games are not entirely throwaway.
Does one bad placement run ruin an account?
No, but it is slow to undo. MMR adjusts with results, so a genuinely stronger player climbs out — it just takes considerably longer than starting fresh would have.
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